jQuery Mask Plugin is a great Javascript library to format fields for presentation and/or to force a properly input by users.
Here, I show how to deal with input or another HTML element to display dates when the source date has a different format from target element.
Example:
- We have a datetime with Year-Month-Day Hour:Minute:Seconds and need to show only the Year/Month/Day part.
- We have da date in Year-Month-Day and need to format to Day/Month/Year.
jQueryMask is very simple to use. It do not need to much to mask whatever you need. Take a look at examples on his website.
If you need to format a simple date field (even in a non-input element), just use the code below.
jQuery('[data-role="date"]).mask("TC99/M9/D9", { placeholder: "____/__/__", translation: { "D": {pattern: /[0-3]/, optional: false, recursive: true}, "M": {pattern: /[01]/, optional: false, recursive: true}, "T": {pattern: /[12]/, optional: false, recursive: true}, "C": {pattern: /[09]/, optional: false, recursive: true} } });
The code above can mask and pre-validate dates in YEAR/MONTH/DAY format.
With an input like
<;input type="text" data-role="date" value="2018-06-11 15:47" />;
would be changed his value to 2018/06/11.
If you try to type another date (after clear, of course) you cannot begin with a number different from 1 or 2. This reason is that our mask have a translation to be done when allowing chars. If the pattern does not match, the char is erased.
The meaning of “;TC99/M9/D9”; mask is:
- Must begin with 1 or 2 (Translation T: /[12]/ –; Custom format)
- Must have number 0 or 9 (Translation C: /[09]/ –; Custom format)
- Must have a number (any) (Translation 9 –; MaskPlugin Core format)
- Must have a number (any) (Translation 9 –; MaskPlugin Core format)
- A slash will be added automatic ( / )
- Must have number 0 or 1 (Translation M: /[01]/ –; Custom format)
- Must have a number (any) (Translation 9: MaskPlugin Core format)
- A slash will be added automatic ( / )
- Must have number 0, 1, 2 or 3 (Translation D: /[0-3]/ –; Custom format)
- Must have a number (any) (Translation 9: MaskPlugin Core format)
Of course, there is no real validation. You can type “;2999/19/39”; and this is not a valid date, but is almost done.
So, to format in another way, just change mask parameter order.
But, if the source date is in a different pattern, like MONTH/DAY/YEAR, the mask do not work. The date output for “;06/11/2018 15:40”; will be weird “;1018/15/0“;.
To handle different date formats will be needed more than simple mask. We will need a function.
Look the code below
var maskBehaviorDateTime = function (val, e, field) { // This function must return a MASK var msk = "TC99/M9/D9"; // Our desired format var v = field.is('input') ? field.val() : field.text(); // is a input or another html element?? v = v.replace(/\D/g, ''); // stripe non digits if (v != '') { // has value? if ((/^[01]\d[0-3]\d\d{4}$/).test(v)) { //test if pattern match Month/Day/Year only v = v.replace(/^(\d{4})(\d{2})(\d{2})$/, '$3/$2/$1'); } else if ((/^[01]\d[0-3]\d\d{4}[012]\d[0-5]\d$/).test(v)) { //test if pattern match Month/Day/Year Hour:Minute v = v.replace(/^(\d{2})(\d{2})(\d{4})(\d{2})(\d{2})$/, '$3/$2/$1'); // If we need to show hour and minute, returned mask must be changed too // v = v.replace(/^(\d{2})(\d{2})(\d{4})(\d{2})(\d{2})$/, '$3/$2/$1 $4:$5'); // msk = 'TC99/M9/D9 h9:m9'; // h and m must be exists in Translation options } field.is('input') ? field.val(v) : field.text(v); } return msk; }, optionsDateTime = { placeholder: "____/__/__", translation: { "D": {pattern: /[0-3]/, optional: false, recursive: true}, "M": {pattern: /[01]/, optional: false, recursive: true}, "T": {pattern: /[12]/, optional: false, recursive: true}, "C": {pattern: /[09]/, optional: false, recursive: true}, "h": {pattern: /[0-2]/, optional: true, recursive: true}, "m": {pattern: /[0-5]/, optional: true, recursive: true} } }; jQuery('[data-role="date"]').mask(maskBehaviorDateTime, optionsDateTime);
Now we have two more Translation Pattern (h and m). h means that the n-index position must have numbers 0, 1 or 2 e m numbers between 0 e 5. Keep in mind that CASE matters.
With the above code, we can format and show date in several ways. just change .test() e .replace() pattern to fill your desired pattern.
This is the code that I am using to format Database datetime fields with YEAR-MONTH-DAY HOUR:MINUTE:SECOND in html elements with DAY/YEAR/MONTH HOUR:MINUTE
var maskBehaviorDateTime = function (val, e, field) { // Caso já exista um valor, o formata no padrão dd/mm/yyyy com o opcional hh:mm:ss var msk = "TC99/M9/D9 h9:m9:s9"; if (field.attr("data-original-value") == undefined) { var o = field.is('input') ? field.val() : field.text(); } else { var o = field.attr("data-original-value"); } v = o.replace(/\D/g, ''); if (v != '') { field.attr("data-original-value") == undefined &;&; field.attr("data-original-value", o); if ((/^[12][09]\d{2}[01]\d[0123]\d$/).test(v)) { // year/month/day v = v.replace(/^(\d{4})(\d{2})(\d{2})$/, '$3/$2/$1'); msk = "D9/M9/TC99"; } else if ((/^[12][09]\d{2}[01]\d[0123]\d[012]\d[0-5]\d$/).test(v)) { // year/month/day hour:minute v = v.replace(/^(\d{4})(\d{2})(\d{2})(\d{2})(\d{2})$/, '$3/$2/$1 $4:$5'); msk = "D9/M9/TC99 h9:m9"; } else if ((/^[12][09]\d{2}[01]\d[0123]\d[012]\d[0-5]\d[0-5]\d$/).test(v)) { // year/month/day hour:minute:second v = v.replace(/^(\d{4})(\d{2})(\d{2})(\d{2})(\d{2})(\d{2})$/, '$3/$2/$1 $4:$5:$6'); msk = "D9/M9/TC99 h9:m9:s9"; } field.is('input') ? field.val(v) : field.text(v); } return msk; }, optionsDateTime = { placeholder: "__/__/____", translation: { "D": {pattern: /[0-3]/, optional: false, recursive: true}, "M": {pattern: /[01]/, optional: false, recursive: true}, "T": {pattern: /[12]/, optional: false, recursive: true}, "C": {pattern: /[09]/, optional: false, recursive: true}, "h": {pattern: /[0-2]/, optional: true, recursive: true}, "m": {pattern: /[0-5]/, optional: true, recursive: true}, "s": {pattern: /[0-5]/, optional: true, recursive: true} }, }; jQuery('[data-role="date"]').mask(maskBehaviorDateTime, optionsDateTime);
With an input like
<;input type="text" data-role="date" value="2018-06-11 15:40">;
Output will be
11/06/2018 15:40
Hope this help you!
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